Hydrogen is attracting growing interest from a variety of sectors and stakeholders as a potentially valuable decarbonisation tool. Hydrogen can be produced in a number of ways, both with fossil fuels and with renewable energy. However, decarbonised hydrogen is currently not cost-competitive with hydrogen derived from fossil fuels. Currently, 95% of global hydrogen is produced through the steam methane reforming (SMR) process of fossil fuels, either coal or natural gas ā called as grey hydrogen. This process is highly carbon-intensive, responsible for around 800 million tonnes of CO2 emissions every year.
An alternative that in many ways sits somewhat between blue and green hydrogen is methane pyrolysis ā so called turquoise hydrogen. Like grey and blue hydrogen, turquoise hydrogen also uses methane as a feedstock, but the process is driven by heat produced with electricity rather than through the combustion of fossil fuels. Like blue and grey hydrogen, methane pyrolysis produces hydrogen and carbon as outputs, however, unlike SMR, the carbon is in solid form rather than CO2 and thus not released into the air.
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